|
''Viktor Chernomyrdin'' is a new Russian icebreaker, also referred to as Project 22600 or LK-25, currently under construction at Baltic Shipyard in St. Petersburg. When completed, she will be the largest diesel-powered icebreaker in the world. The new icebreaker was initially expected to enter service in late 2015, but the project is now estimated to be 24 to 28 months behind schedule and the ship is expected to enter service in late 2017.〔 == Development and construction == The development of the icebreaker designated as LK-25 dates back to the first long-term plans for rebuilding the Russian icebreaker fleet after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. As part of these plans that were published in the early 1990s, a number of both conventional and nuclear-powered icebreaker designs were proposed, ranging from 7-megawatt auxiliary icebreakers (LK-7) operating near large ports to 110-megawatt nuclear icebreakers (LK-110N) capable of breaking ice up to thick. Of these, the 25-megawatt line icebreakers (LK-25) were intended to escort merchant ships and lead convoys through freezing seas, and operate as auxiliary ships in complex convoys along the Northern Sea Route. During the summer season, they could also escort ships independently over shallow waters in the Arctic.〔Tsoy, L. G. et al. Perspective types of Arctic icebreakers and their principal characteristics. (Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions, 1995 (POAC'95) ). Pages 13–26.〕 The current LK-25 design, called "Project 22600", was produced by Russian Petrobalt Design Bureau in co-operation with the Finnish Aker Arctic.〔〔( Завершенные проекты ). Petrobalt Design Bureau. 〕 On 2 December 2011, Rosmorport signed a contract with the St. Petersburg-based Baltic Shipyard, worth RUB 7.5 billion of which 30% was paid in advance, for the construction of the 25-megawatt line icebreaker.〔 The keel-laying ceremony, attended by Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev, was held on 10 October 2012. The construction of the 2,500-ton deckhouse was subcontracted to Nordic Yards in Germany.〔(Nordic Yards to build 2,500 t deckhouse for icebreaker ). MarineLog, 12 August 2013. 〕 The ship was initially expected to enter service in the Gulf of Finland in December 2015〔 and replace two older icebreakers, the 1974-built ''Yermak'' and the 1977-built ''Kapitan Sorokin''.〔(Baltic Shipyard lays down 25MW icebreaker for Rosmorport ). Portnews.ru, 10 October 2012. 〕 However, in November 2014 it was reported that the construction of the icebreaker had been suspended in December 2013 due to problems with the design — the vessel was reportedly 2,500 tons overweight and the draft had increased by — and the delivery has been delayed by 24 to 28 months.〔(Доклад о финансово - хозяйственной деятельности федерального государственного унитарного предприятия «Росморпорт» за 2014 год ). 〕 As a result, the shipyard has signed a new contract with another design bureau, Vympel, and cancelled the contract for the construction of the superstructure with Nordic Yards. The delay will also cause additional financial losses to the future operator of the icebreaker, Rosmorport, because it now has to charter a Finnish icebreaker at a daily rate of about RUB 3 million.〔(Yard delays delivery of icebreaker ). Barents Observer, 21 November 2014. 〕〔(«Балтийский завод» не успеет сдать вовремя ледокол для Росморпорта ). РосБизнесКонсалтинг, 21 November 2014. 〕 Currently, the delivery is scheduled to July 2017.〔 Of the icebreaker size types proposed in the early 1990s, the 60-megawatt nuclear-powered variable-draft icebreaker LK-60 is also under construction as Project 22220. Expected to enter service by 2018, it and the subsequent ships of the same type are going to replace the aging ''Arktika''- and ''Taymyr''-class nuclear-powered icebreakers.〔〔(Construction starts for new giant icebreaker ). BarentsObserver, 15 February 2012. 〕 Once built, LK-60 will replace ''50 Let Pobedy'' as the largest and most powerful icebreaker in the world. In addition, the 16-megawatt Project 21900 icebreakers ''Moskva'' and ''Sankt-Petersburg'' as well as the Project 21900M icebreakers currently under construction are referred to as LK-16, a size type that was not part of the fleet renewal plans.〔(First LK-16-Class Icebreaker Laid Down at Vyborg Shipyard ). RusNavy.com, 17 October 2012. 〕 The new icebreaker will be named ''Viktor Chernomyrdin''〔( Russians turn to Germans for quality superstructure ). The Motor Ship, 8 August 2013. 〕 after Viktor Chernomyrdin (1938–2010), the founder and first chairman of Gazprom and the longest serving Prime Minister of Russia (1992–1998). In addition, he was the Acting President of Russia for a day in 1996 when President Boris Yeltsin underwent heart surgery. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Viktor Chernomyrdin (icebreaker)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|